PARTiv:] NOTES. 113 ■ ■ ^ ^^^^^iiiM I ■!■■ .^ ■i^^T n^^ iw^rifyn-i— MT*^- There are a few exceptions to this rule which will be noticed separately as they occur. It is clear that Substantival Glauses will be most commonly used in report- ing speech (or thoughts) of others. In this case all AdverbioU or AcfjectivcU Clattaes depending on the Substantival must be Subjunctive. 136. Certior factus sum — ' I have been informed,' literally, * X have been made more certain.* ntantur— in Subj., because explaining esse gentea. 137. Giyphas — ^acc. of Gryps, 'griffins,' fabulous monsters, like the dragon slain by St. Greorge. 138. Barca— a town in N. Africa. ez adverso— ' in the opposite direction.' 139. se soluturos — 'to pay.' Verbs of hoping and promising take the Future Infinitive, which is translated like the Present. 140. Icto foedere — 'A truce being agreed on,' lit. 'struck.' iureiurando — ^abL of iusiurandum, of which both parts are declined. Stare with abL — ' to stand by.' tam diu — quam dia — ' so long — ^as.' 141. quidnam esset— indirect question. 142. Carthaginienses — ^the inhabitants of Carthage (Carthago), a town in N. Africa. Libya — ^a country in N. Africa. Herculeas columnas — ' the pillars of Hercules.' Gibraltar (Calpe), and Abyla, a mountain in Africa just opposite, were so called from the fable that they were originally one mountain, torn in two by Hercules (Herakles), the national hero of Greece. sin minus — ' but if not,' 143. Nomadas— from Nomas, a Greek word, meaning 'roaming about for pasture,' ' the Bedouins.' ne unquam — more elegant than ' ut nunquanw' 144. Darius.— ^ee 108, note. Ister^'the Danube.' adem committere — ' to join line of battle.' neque ullus — ^more elegant than ' et nullus.* To give earth and water was a sign of complete submission. 145. in malam crucem proinde abiret— ' let him go and be hanged.' abiret — ^indirect form of the imperative. 146. similis equo— «.«. in swiftness. Magod. — See 108, note. 147. de improviso — 'unexpectedly.* 149. solverent— See 145, note. se facturos.— See 139, note. 151. Ioiiiain.--See 91, note. H
