30 WORKS PUBLISHED IN PHOTOZINCOGRAPHY. Domesday Book, or the Great Survey of England op William the Conqueror, 1086 ; fac-simile of the part relating to each county, sepa- rately (with a few exceptions of double counties). Photozincogvaphed, by Her Majesty's Command, at the Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton, Colonel Sir Henry James, R.E., F.R.S., &c.. Director. 35 parts, imperial quarto and demy quarto (1861-1863) boards. Price 4s. 6d. to 1/. Is. each part, according to size j or, bound in 2 vols., 18/. This important and unique survey of the greater portion of England* is the oldest and most valuable record in the national archives. It was commenced about the year 1084 and finished in 1086. Its compilation was determined upon at Gloucester by William the Conqueror, in couacil, in order that he might know what was due to him, in the way of tax, from his subjects, and that each at the same time might know what he had to pay. It was compiled as much for their protection as for the benefit of the sovereign. The nobility and people had been grievously distressed at the time by the king bringing over large num- bers of French and Bretons, and quartering them on his subjects, " each accord- " ing to the measure of his land," for the purpose of resisting the invasion of Cnut, King of Denmark, which M'as apprehended. The commissioners appointed to make the survey were to inquire the name of each place ; who held it in the time of Iving Edward the Confessor ; the present possessor ; how many hides were in the manor ; how many ploughs were in demesne ; how many homagers ; how many villeins ; how many cottars; how many serving men; how many free tenants ; how many tenants in soccage ; how much wood, meadow, and pasture ; the number of mills and fish-ponds ; what had been added or taken away from the place ; what was the gross value in the time of Edward the Confessor ; the present value ; and how much each free man or soc-man had, and whether any advance could be made in the value. Thus could be ascertained who held the estate in the time of King Edward ; who then held it ; its value in the time of the late king ; and its value as it stood at the formation of the survey. So minute was the survey, that the writer of the contemporary portion of the Saxoa Chronicle records, with some asperity — " So very narrowly he caused it to be " traced out, that there was not a single hide, nor one virgate of land, nor even, " it is shame to tell, though it seemed to him no shame to do, an ox, nor a cow, " nor a swine was left, that was not set down." Domesday Survey is in two parts or volumes. The first, in folio, contains the counties of Bedford, Berks, Bucks, Cambridge, Chester and Lancaster, Corn- wall, Derby, Devon, Dorset, Gloucester, Hants, Hereford, Herts, Huntingdon, Kent, Leicester and Kutland, Lincoln, Middlesex, Northampton, Nottingham, Oxford, Salop, Somerset, Stafford, Surrey, Sussex, Warwick, Wilts, Worcester, and York. The second volume, in quarto, contains the counties of Essex, Norfolk, and Suffolk. Domesday Book was printed verbatim et literatim during the last century, in consequence of an address of the House of Lords to King George III. in 1767. It was not, however, commenced until 1773, and was completed early in 1783. In 1860, Her Majesty's Government, with the concurrence of the Master of the Rolls, determined to apply the art of photozincography to the production of a fac-simile of Domesday Book, under the superintendence of Colonel Su- Henry James, ll.E., director of the Ordnance Survey, Southampton. The fac-simile was completed in 1863.
- For some reason left unexplained, many parts were left unsurveyed ; Northumberland, Cumberland,
Westraorelaad, and Durham, are not described in the survey ; nor does Lancashire appear under its proper name ; but Funiess, and the northern part of Lancashire, as well as the south of Westmoreland, with a part of Cumberland, are included within the West Riding of Yorkshire. That part of Lancashire which lies between the Ribblo and IMersey, and which at the time of the survey comprehended 688 manors is joined to Cheshire. Part of Rutland is described in the counties of Northampton and Lincoln.
