Cornelii Nepotis Vitae (Hamilton)/Timoleon

by Cornelius Nepos

Cornelius Nepos

Vitae (Editio Interlinearis Latina-Anglica Ad Modum Hamiltonii)

XX. Timoleon

editio: Philadelphia, 1890(?); Iacobus Hamiltonius (James Hamilton) et Ioannes Gulielmus Subsilvius (J. W. Underwood) recensuit

XIX. Phocion	XXI. De Regibus

I

Timoleon	Corinthius.	Sine	dubio	hic	vir
Timoleon	the Corinthian.	Without	doubt	this	man

exstitit	magnus	iudicio	omnium.	Namque
existed	great	in the judgment	of all.	For

contigit	huic	uni,	quod	nescio	an
it happened	to him	alone,	what	I know not	whether

ulli,	ut	et	liberaret (sub.)	patriam,	in	qua
to any,	that	both	he did free	country,	in	which

erat	natus,	oppressam	a	tyranno,	et	depelleret (sub.)
he was	born,	oppressed	by	a tyrant,	and	did expel

inveteratam	servitutem	a	Syracusis,	quibus
inveterate	slavery	from	Syracuse,	to which

missus-erat	auxilio,	que	suo	adventu
he had been sent	to assistance,	and	by his	arrival

restitueret (sub.)	in	pristinum	totam	Siciliam
did restore	into	former (state)	the whole	Sicily

vexatam	a	bello	multos	annos	que	oppressam	a
harassed	by	war	many	years	and	oppressed	by

barbaris.	Sed	in	his	rebus	conflictatus-est
barbarians.	But	in	these	things	he contended

non	simplici	fortuna,	et,	id	quod	putatur
not	with simple	fortune,	and,	that	which	is thought

difficilius,	tulit	secundam	fortunam	multo
more difficult,	he bore	prosperous	fortune	much

sapientius	quam	adversam.	Nam	quum	frater
more wisely	than	adverse.	For	when	the brother

eius,	Timophanes,	delectus	dux	a	Corinthiis
of him,	Timophanes,	chosen	general	by	the Corinthians

occupasset (sub.)	tyrannidem	per	mercenarios	milites,
had seized upon	the tyranny	by	mercenary	soldiers,

que	posset (sub.)	esse	particeps	regni,
and	he was able	to be	a partaker	of the kingdom,

abfuit	tantum	a	societate	sceleris,
he was distant	so much	from	partnership	of the wickedness,

ut	antetulerit (sub.)	libertatem	suorum	civium
that	he preferred	the liberty	of his own	citizens

saluti	fratris,	et	duxerit (sub.)	satius
to the safety	of brother,	and	led (esteemed it)	preferable

parere	legibus,	quam	imperare	patriae.	Hac
to obey	to the laws,	than	to command	to country.	With this

mente,	curavit	fratrem	tyrannum	interficiendum
mind,	he took care	(his) brother	the tyrant	to be slain

per	haruspicem	que	communem	affinem,	cui
by	a soothsayer	and	common	relation,	to whom

soror,	nata	ex	eisdem	parentibus	erat	nupta.
sister,	born	from	the same	parents	was	married.

Ipse	non	modo	attulit	non	manus,	sed	ne-quidem
He himself	not	only	laid on	not	hands,	but	not even

voluit	adspicere	fraternum	sanguinem.
wished	to look upon	fraternal	blood.

Nam	dum	res	conficeretur (sub.),	fuit
For	while	the thing	was being accomplished,	he was

procul	in	praesidio,	ne	quis	satelles
at a distance	in	guard,	lest	any	attendant

posset	succurrere.	Hoc	praeclarissimum	facinus
might be able	to succour.	This	most illustrious	deed

eius	probatum-est	non	pari	modo	ab	omnibus.
of him	was approved	not	in like	manner	by	all.

Enim	nonnulli	putabant	pietatem	laesam
For	some	did think	natural affection	violated

ab	eo,	et	obterebant	laudem	virtutis	invidia.
by	him,	and	did depreciate	praise	of virtue	by envy.

Vero	mater	post	id	factum	neque	admisit
But	(his) mother	after	that	deed	neither	admitted

filium	domum	ad	se,	neque	adspexit,
son	(to) the house	to	herself,	nor	beheld,

quin	detestans	compellaret (sub.)	eum
but that	loathing	she did call	him

fratricidam	que	impium.	Quibus
the murderer of brother	and	unnatural.	With which

rebus	commotus-est	adeo,	ut	nonnumquam
things	he was affected	so,	that	sometimes

voluerit (sub.)	facere	finem	vitae,	atque	discedere
he wished	to make	an end	of life,	and	to depart

morte	ex	conspectu	ingratorum	hominum.
by death	out of	the sight	of ungrateful	men.

II

Interim	Dione	interfecto	Syracusis,	Dionysius
Meanwhile	Dion	being slain	in Syracuse,	Dionysius

rursus	potitus-est	Syracusarum,	adversarii	cuius
again	possessed	of Syracuse,	the adversaries	of whom

petierunt	opem	a	Corinthus,	que	postularunt
begged	aid	from	Corinthians,	and	requested

ducem,	quo	uterentur	in	bello.	Timoleon
a general,	whom	they might use	in	the war.	Timoleon

missus	huc,	depulit	Dionysium	tota
being sent	hither,	drove	Dionysius	from the whole

Sicilia	incredibili	felicitate.	Quum	posset (sub.)
Sicily	with incredible	success.	When	he could

interficere,	noluit,	que	effecit	ut	perveniret (sub.)
to kill,	he would not,	and	effected	that	he did arrive

Corinthum	tuto,	quod	Corinthii	fuerant
(to) Corinth	safely,	because	the Corinthians	had been

saepe	adiuti	opibus	utrorumque	Dionysiorum,
often	assisted	by the powers	of both	Dionysii,

cuius	benignitatis	voluit	memoriam
of which	kindness	he wished	the remembrance

exstare,	que	ducebat	eam	victoriam
to be extant,	and	he did lead (esteem)	that	victory

praeclaram,	in	qua	esset (sub.)	plus	clementiae,	quam
famous,	in	which	was	more	of clemency,	than

crudelitatis;	postremo,	ut	acciperetur	non
of cruelty;	lastly,	that	it might be received	not

solum	auribus,	sed	etiam	cerneretur	oculis,
only	with ears,	but	also	it might be perceived	with eyes,

quem	et	ex	quanto	regno,	ad	quam
whom	and	out of	how great	a kingdom,	to	what

fortunam	detrusisset (sub.).	Post	decessum
fortune	he had thrust down.	After	the departure

Dionysii	bellavit	cum	Hiceta,	qui	fuerat
of Dionysius	he warred	with	Hicetas,	who	had been

adversatus	Dionysio;	quem	dissensisse	non
opposed	to Dionysius;	whom	to have disagreed	not

odio	tyrannidis,	sed	cupiditate,	fuit	indicio,
from hatred	of tyranny,	but	from desire,	it was	to proof,

quod	ipse,	Dionysio	expulso,	noluit
that	he,	Dionysius	being expelled,	was unwilling

dimittere	imperium.	Hoc	superato,	Timoleon
to lay aside	command.	He	being overcome,	Timoleon

fugavit	maximas	copias	Carthaginiensium	apud	flumen
routed	very great	forces	of Carthaginians	at	the river

Crimissum,	ac	coegit	habere	satis,	si
Crimissus,	and	compelled	to have (esteem it)	enough,	if

liceret (sub.)	obtinere	Africam,	qui	tenebant
it were allowed	to hold	Africa,	who	did hold

possessionem	Siciliae	iam	complures	annos.	Etiam
possession	of Sicily	now	several	years.	Also

cepit	Mamercum,	Italicum	ducem,	bellicosum
he took	Mamercus,	an Italian	general,	a warlike

et	potentem	hominem,	qui	venerat	in
and	powerful	man,	who	had come	into

Siciliam	adiutum	tyrannos.
Sicily	to assist	the tyrants.

III

Quibus	rebus	confectis,	quum,	propter
Which	things	being finished,	when,	on account of

diuturnitatem	belli,	videret (sub.)	non	solum
the long continuance	of the war,	he did see	not	only

regiones,	sed	etiam	urbes	desertas,	conquisivit,
countries,	but	also	cities	deserted,	he sought out,

quos	potuit,	primum	Siculos,	deinde	arcessivit
whom	he could,	first	the Sicilians,	next	he sent for

colonos	Corintho,	quod	Syracusae	conditae-erant
colonists	from Corinth,	because	Syracuse	had been founded

ab	his	initio.	Restituit	sua
by	them	in the beginning.	He restored	their own (things)

veteribus	civibus;	divisit	possessiones
to the ancient	citizens;	he divided	the possessions

vacuefactas	bello	novis;	refecit	moenia
laid waste	by the war	to the new;	he repaired	the walls

urbium	disiecta,	que	fana	deserta;
of the cities	thrown down,	and	temples	deserted;

reddidit	leges	que	libertatem	civitatibus;	ex
he restored	laws	and	liberty	to the states;	out of

maximo	bello	conciliavit	tantum	otium	totae
a very great	war	he procured	so much	repose	to the whole

insulae,	ut	hic	videretur (sub.)	conditor	earum
island,	that	he	did seem	the founder	of these

urbium,	non	illi,	qui	initio	deduxerant.
cities,	not	those,	who	in the beginning	had led thither.

Disiecit	a	fundamentis	arcem	Syracusis,
He overthrew	from	the foundations	the citadel	in Syracuse,

quam	Dionysius	munierat	ad	urbem
which	Dionysius	had fortified	to (for)	the city

obsidendam;	demolitus-est	cetera	propugnacula
to be besieged;	he demolished	the other	strong holds

tyrannidis,	que	dedit	operam	ut	quam-minime-multa
of tyranny,	and	gave	endeavour	that	as-few-as-possible

vestigia	servitutis	manerent.	Quum	esset (sub.)
traces	of slavery	might remain.	When	he was

tantis	opibus,	ut	posset (sub.)	imperare
with so great	powers,	that	he was able	to command

etiam	invitis,	autem	haberet (sub.)	tantum
even	to (them) unwilling,	but	had	so great

amorem	omnium	Siculorum,	ut	obtineret
love	of all	Sicilians,	that	he might hold

regnum,	nullo	recusante,	maluit	se
the kingdom,	none	refusing,	he rather chose	himself

diligi	quam	metui.	Itaque	deposit
to be beloved	than	to be feared.	Therefore	he laid down

imperium	quum-primum	potuit,	et	vixit,	quod
the command	as soon as	he could,	and	lived,	what

vitae	fuit	reliquum,	privatus	Syracusis.	Neque
of life	was	remaining,	private	in Syracuse.	Neither

vero	fecit	id	imperite.	Nam	hic	tenuit
indeed	did he	that	unskilfully.	For	he	held

benevolentia,	quod	ceteri	reges	potuerunt	imperio.
by good will,	what	other	kings	have been able	by power.

Nullus	honos	defuit	huic,	neque	postea
No	honour	was wanting	to him,	nor	afterwards

ulla	res	gesta-est	Syracusis	publice	de
any	thing	was carried on	in Syracuse	publicly	concerning

qua	decretum-sit (sub.)	prius-quam	sententia
which	it was decreed	before that	the opinion

Timoleontis	cognita.	Consilium	nullius	umquam
of Timoleon	known.	The counsel	of none	ever

non	modo	antelatum,	sed	ne-quidem
not	only	(was) preferred,	but	not even

comparatum-est.	Neque	id	factum-est	magis
was compared.	Nor	that	was done	more

benevolentia	quam	prudentia.
by good will	than	by prudence.

IV

Quum	hic	iam	provectus-esset (sub.)	aetate,	amisit
When	he	now	had been advanced	in age,	he lost

lumina	oculorum	sine	ullo	morbo.	Quam
the lights	of eyes	without	any	disease.	Which

calamitatem	tulit	ita	moderate,	ut	quisquam	neque
calamity	he bore	so	patiently,	that	any one	neither

audierit (sub.)	eum	querentem,	neque	interfuerit (sub.)
heard	him	complaining,	nor	was he present

minus	eo	privatis	que	publicis	rebus.
less	on that account	to private	and	to public	things.

Autem	veniebat	in	theatrum,	quum	concilium
But	he did come	into	the theatre,	when	the assembly

populi	haberetur (sub.)	ibi,	vectus	iumentis
of the people	was held	there,	carried	by beasts

iunctis,	propter	valetudinem,	atque	ita	dicebat
coupled,	on account of	bad health,	and	so	he did say

quae	videbantur	de	vehiculo;	neque
what (things)	did seem (fit)	from	carriage;	nor

quisquam	tribuebat	hoc	illi	superbiae.	Enim
any one	did ascribe	this	to him	to pride.	For

nihil	neque	insolens	neque	gloriosum	umquam
nothing	neither	insolent	nor	boastful	ever

exiit	ex	ore	eius.	Qui	quidem,	quum
went out	from	the mouth	of him.	Who	indeed,	when

audiret (sub.)	suas	laudes	praedicari,	numquam
he did hear	his own	praises	to be published,	never

dixit	aliud,	quam,	se	agere	atque	habere
said	other (thing),	than,	himself	to act	and	to have

maximas	gratias	diis	in	ea	re,	quod,
the greatest	thanks	to the gods	in	this	thing,	that,

quum	constituissent (sub.)	recreare	Siciliam,	tum
when	they had determined	to recover	Sicily,	then

voluissent (sub.)	se	esse	potissimum	ducem.
they had willed	himself	to be	chiefly	the leader.

Enim	putabat	nihil	humanarum	rerum
For	he did think	nothing	of human	things

geri	sine	numine	deorum.	Itaque
to be carried on	without	the deity	of the gods.	Therefore

constituerat	sacellum	Aὐτοματίας	suae	domi,
he had built	a chapel	of Fortune	at his own	house,

que	colebat	id	sanctissime.
and	did revere	it	most sacredly.

V

Ad	hanc	excellentem	bonitatem	hominis	mirabiles
To	this	surpassing	goodness	of the man	wonderful

casus	accesserunt.	Nam	fecit	omnia
chances	acceded.	For	he did (he fought)	all

maxima	praelia	suo	natali-die,	quo
the greatest	battles	on his own	birth-day,	from which

factum-est,	ut	universa	Sicilia	haberet (sub.)
it happened,	that	the whole	Sicily	did have

natalem	eius	festum.	Quum	quidam
the birth (day)	of him	a festival.	When	a certain

Lamestius,	petulans	et	ingratus	homo,
Lamestius,	an insolent	and	ungrateful	man,

vellet (sub.)	imponere	vadimonium	huic,	quod
did wish	to impose	recognisance	to him,	which

diceret (sub.)	se	agere	cum	illo	lege,	et
he did say	himself	to act	with	him	by law,	and

complures	concurrissent (sub.),	qui	conarentur (sub.)
several	had run together,	who	did endeavour

coercere	procacitatem	hominis	manibus,	Timoleon
to curb	the impertinence	of the man	with hands,	Timoleon

oravit	omnes,	facerent	ne	id:	Namque
entreated	all,	they should do	not	that:	For

se	adiisse	maximos	labores	que
himself	to have encountered	the greatest	labours	and

summa	pericula,	ut	id	liceret	Lamestio
highest	dangers,	that	that	might be lawful	to Lamestius

que	ceteris.	Enim	hanc	esse	speciem
and	to others.	For	this	to be	the kind (proof)

libertatis,	si	liceret	omnibus	experiri
of liberty,	if	it should be allowed	to all	to try

legibus,	quod	quisque	vellet.	Idem,	quum
by laws,	what	every one	might will.	The same,	when

quidam	similis	Lamestii,	Demaenetus	nomine,
a certain one	like	of Lamestius,	Demaenetus	by name,

coepisset (sub.)	detrahere	de	rebus	eius
had begun	to detract	from	the things	of him

gestis,	in	concione	populi,	ac
performed,	in	an assembly	of the people,	and

inveheretur (sub.)	nonnulla	in	Timoleonta,
did inveigh	some (things)	against	Timoleon,

dixit,	Nunc	demum	se	esse	damnatum
said,	Now	at length	himself	to be	condemned

voti:	namque	semper
of vow (to have attained his wish):	for	always (to have)

precatum	hoc	a	immortalibus	diis,	ut
prayed	this	from	the immortal	gods,	that

restitueret	talem	libertatem	Syracusanis,	in
he might restore	such	liberty	to the Syracusans,	in

qua	liceret	cuivis	dicere	impune
which	it might be lawful	to any one	to speak	with impunity

de	quo	vellet.	Quum	hic	obiisset (sub.)
of	what	he might will.	When	he	had met

supremum	diem,	sepultus-est	publice	a	Syracusanis
the last	day,	he was buried	publicly	by	the Syracusans

in	gymnasio,	quod	appellatur	Timoleonteum,
in	the school of exercise,	which	is called	Timoleontean,

tota	Sicilia	celebrante.
the whole	Sicily	celebrating (attending).