38. Burgoyne’s Campaign | 40. Help from France |
Dum geruntur haec[1], dē quibus modo dixī, Britannī Philadelphiam oppugnāre parābant, quae urbs[2] tum erat caput reī publicae Americānae. Unde Vasingtō, cuius cōpiae numerō[3] erant multō[4] īnferiōrēs, hostēs nūllō modō arcēre poterat; quārē senātus ad aliud oppidum sē recēpit, ac Philadelphia nūllō[5] dēfendente[6] ā Britannīs capta est. Paucīs post diēbus circiter quīnque mīlibus passuum[7] ab[8] eādem urbe ācriter pugnātum est[9], sed tum quoque Vasingtō discessit īnferior. Quī igitur, cum[10] hiems iam adesset, mīlitēs suōs in hībernīs collocāvit in quādam valle, ubi mēnsēs multōs summā cum[11] inopiā omnium rērum necessāriārum miserrimē[12] vīctum est[13]. Nam nōn sōlum in aerāriō[14] nūlla erat pecūnia, sed in castrīs mox frūmentum quoque dēficere coepit; mīlitēsque miserī, quibus[15] erant saga nūlla, saepe noctēs tōtās prope ignem vigilāre coāctī sunt. Quīn etiam trāditum est, cum agmen in hīberna iter faceret, multōrum[16] pedēs nūdōs in nive vestīgia cruenta fēcisse.
Sed iam dēmum ex Eurōpā sociī Americānīs[17] auxilium ferre parābant; multī enim etiam aliīs ex gentibus[18] molestē ferēbant Britannōs iūra cīvium colōnīs concēdere nōluisse.
- ↑ haec: neut. pl.
- ↑ quae urbs: the city which; lit. what?
- ↑ numerō: for syntax, cf. animō, p. 37, l. 20.
- ↑ multō: (by) much.
- ↑ nūllō: supplying the missing abl. of nēmō.
- ↑ dēfendente: sc. eam (i.e. Philadelphiam). For the pres. part. being active in meaning, may take an object even when used, as here, in the abl. absol. construction.
- ↑ quinque milibus passuum: abl. of degree of difference.
- ↑ ab: (away) from.
- ↑ pugnātum est: a battle was fought; lit. what?
- ↑ cum: as, or since.
- ↑ cum: freely, under the stress of.
- ↑ miserrimē: miserē (adv.), wretchedly.
- ↑ vīctum est: impersonal pass. (from vīvō).
- ↑ aerāriō: aerārium, -rī, n., public treasury.
- ↑ quibus: dat. case; cf. cui, p. 11, l. 2.
- ↑ multōrum: as (masc.) noun; cf. multī, l. 13.
- ↑ Americānīs: indirect obj. with auxilium ferre.
- ↑ aliīs ex gentibus: i.e. of other nationalities.